Brucellosis
A bacterial disease causing abortion in cattle, controlled by vaccination and testing.
Also: contagious abortion, Bang's disease
Brucellosis in cattle is caused mainly by Brucella abortus, and its most visible sign is abortion late in pregnancy, which gave it the old name contagious abortion; it is also called Bang's disease after the Danish vet Bernhard Bang, who identified the cause in 1897. Infected cows shed large numbers of bacteria in birth fluids and milk. Vaccinating heifer calves and testing herds has eliminated it from cattle in many countries. People can catch it from infected animals or unpasteurised dairy products, which is why it is a notifiable disease in many places. India runs a national vaccination drive for female calves.