Trypanosomiasis
A wasting disease of cattle caused by blood parasites carried by tsetse flies, known in Africa as nagana.
Also: nagana, African animal trypanosomiasis, surra
Animal trypanosomiasis is caused by single-celled parasites called trypanosomes that live in the blood. In Africa they are carried mainly by tsetse flies, and the disease in cattle, called nagana, brings fever, anaemia, weight loss, abortion and often death. It keeps cattle out of large parts of humid and sub-humid Africa. Some West African taurine breeds, notably the N'Dama and the West African Shorthorn, are trypanotolerant, able to live and work where other cattle sicken. In Asia and elsewhere a related parasite spread by biting flies causes surra. Drugs, fly control and tolerant breeds are the main tools against it.